Occasional in alluvial forest. Canopy dominated by mature Acer saccharinum, Tilia americana, Quercus macrocarpa, Fraxinus nigra, and F. pennsylvanica. Fairly dense understory dominated by Rhamnus cathartica, with occasional Fraxinus pennsylvanica and Lonicera xbella. Forming small patches on a mostly level terrace ~3-5 feet above river level. Dark silty soil.