United States, Minnesota, Winona, Whitewater State Wildlife Management Area. Rugged terrain in the lower Whitewater River valley, 3.5 miles southwest of Weaver.
Infrequent to locally common in oak barrens (increasingly overgrown), on a gently-sloping terrace in a narrow valley between 300-foot bluffs. Partial sun to full shade. Patchy to fairly dense canopy dominated by Quercus velutina, and occasional Q. alba and Q. macrocarpa. Patchy to rather dense shrub layer includes Zanthoxylum americanum, Lonicera xbella. Hundreds of plants in 10-15 acres. Deep sand. Gentle to steep, south to southwest aspects.
Additional associates include Carex siccata, C. pensylvanica, Tephrosia virginiana, Helianthemum canadense, Monarda fistulosa, M. punctata.